
Investing
What is sequence-of-returns risk, measured properly?
Two retirees with identical average returns can end up with wildly different outcomes — the order of returns, not the average, sets the result.
Investing coverage from UZU NEWS.

Two retirees with identical average returns can end up with wildly different outcomes — the order of returns, not the average, sets the result.

The two statistics differ by construction — one prices income against price, the other measures everything — and confusing them misprices risk.

Correlations, coverage and return dispersion set the measurable answer — and each has moved over the decades.

Both rules work when they force trade against drift; the measured differences are smaller than the assumptions either way.

Tracking difference decomposes into fees, index-replication frictions, sampling and timing — each measurable, none mysterious.